Remembering Cudworth Soldiers who Served in the First World War

I've been working on a talk for the Cudworth Local History and Heritage Group (CLHG) to be given on Wednesday 5th February 2014 at the Cudworth Community Fire Station.  There's a nice meeting room there and we will be having refreshments at 10am to warm up all our visitors who will be able to browse displays of the Group's photographs and examine some special World War One displays before the talk begins.

Cudworth War Memorial with Poppy Wreaths after Remembrance Sunday 2013

I plan to talk for about an hour and a half on three or four families in Cudworth who were affected by the war.  The problem is narrowing down all the alternatives to just those three or four - I hadn't realised until I started this research just how many men from Cudworth joined up in the First World War.  The Royston book I bought a couple of weeks ago notes that even by December 1914 over 7% of the eligible men in the whole of Barnsley had enlisted, and amongst the outlying coal mining communities the figures were much higher, 10% in Royston and 23% in Cudworth.  These figures will have risen as recruitment gathered pace in early 1915 and after conscription in 1916.

I began by compiling a spreadsheet from sources such as the war memorial (189 WW1 names) and the medal winners listed in the book Lest Cudworth Forgets (LCF) - produced by the CLHG in 2005 to accompany the war memorial refurbishment project.  To this I added the names of men whose Service or Pension records appear on the Ancestry website with Cudworth mentioned in their address - there will be others whom a simple search did not find.  A search of the London Gazette online produced some names that had not appeared in LCF, and a search of the parish baptism registers, helpfully transcribed by my colleague BS, produced another 50 names that had to be integrated into the previous lists.  There are also memorials in the local working men's clubs and in the church and chapels to be taken into consideration.  Another project that I have been working on, Barnsley Prisoners of War, contributed another list, which I cross checked with the recorded POWs in LCF.

British Prisoners of War (from the WW1 Resource Centre)

And this highlights the difficulty of producing a definitive list of this kind nearly 100 years after the event - we no longer have the local knowledge of the men to be able to say for certain who actually lived in Cudworth, or who was associated with the area by family or work or worship.  Where a similar name appears on several lists are these the same man or two separate men, maybe father and son or cousins?  Another complication is that there is a second Cudworth, in Somerset, and it is therefore possible that men from this Cudworth may have been added to my list by mistake - only further checks will eliminate these names.

So far my combined roll of honour for Cudworth in the First World War contains over 570 names.  The population of Cudworth Urban District in 1911 was 6,824 and of these 1,951 were males between the ages of 15 and 44 years of age.  Men older than this in 1911 would have been too old to have been conscripted during the war, however they may have volunteered, I have found at least one man who lied about his age so that he could join up.  We are all familiar with the stories of youngsters who took an extra turn around the block to add a few years to their age, the youngest I have found in Cudworth so far was 17 in 1915 so he would have been 13 in 1911.  However, for a rough calculation I have 570 men from a population of 1,951 which is 29% of the total eligible men in Cudworth discovered so far to be serving at some point, which tallies with the figure quoted in the Royston book for the beginning of the war.   If you have trouble imagining percentages, that's almost one in three of the men between 19 and 49 years of age in 1915.  

Medical Examination (from Epsom and Elwell History Explorer)

Bear in mind that many men would not have met the exacting medical requirements, they had to be over 5' 3" tall with a chest measurement of 33" and a weight of 115lbs (that's only 8stone 3lbs).  In Britain 50% of the men coming from impoverished urban areas who attempted to enlist failed to reach these requirements (Silbey, 2004) and 20% more were failed for poor teeth, eyesight or heart conditions.  This may account for why the overall figure for Barnsley recruitment is so much lower than that for the rates from the outlying areas - the men from the Barebones and Wilson's Piece areas of Barnsley may not have been as fit as the first and second generation incomers to the coal mining areas, who were still living on the edge of the countryside in Royston and Cudworth.

I have whittled my list down to four men that I think will make an interesting talk, Albert Gallear a serial soldier, he had served in the Boer War and re-enlisted for the First World War, Jabez Clare is a lad who joined up at only 17, Walter Parkes who was taken prisoner after the Battle of the Somme, and if I have time Bernard Joyner who is remembered personally in Cudworth church.

All are welcome to our talk - it is free to attend - I hope the weather is kind to us next February and I look forward so seeing some new faces there.

Further Reading
Silbey, D. (2004) 'Bodies and Cultures Collide: Enlistment, the Medical Exam, and the British Working Class, 1914-1916', Social History of Medicine, Vol 17, No 1, [online] Available at: http://shm.oxfordjournals.org/content/17/1/61.abstract (Accessed 29 October 2013) 

"Not-work" life balance, are the sick entitled to a social life?

I am not fit for work - my doctors and consultants agree.  The university I worked for tried to "terminate" (lovely word - not quite sure they thought that one through) me due to ill health in 2010 (I had been refused retirement on ill health grounds) and eventually I took voluntary redundancy because I'd been fighting them for so long about it.  They didn't want me because although I was good at my job when I was there (seven years of gradual promotion appears to prove that point) the problem was that it was getting to the stage where I WASN'T THERE often enough to be of much use.  By the end I had been off sick for nearly eighteen months straight and on and off for at least three years prior to that.  They did try to accommodate me at first - reduced hours, wrist supports, desk near the toilet and such like - but eventually I was just an encumbrance to them.




As you can see I write a blog - it takes me about two hours to write maybe 1,500 words or so with a couple of pictures.  My average for the last year has been around about three posts a week - but that average does not tell the whole story.  For the last two weeks I've not been well and I was also facing not only a hospital appointment but also an ATOS interview.  Enough to make anyone feel a bit stressed I think you will agree.  The consequence is that I have only posted twice in the last ten days and one of those was to apologise for falling behind in the Book of Me project.

Book of Me - info here

I am currently studying my final Open University module "A327 Europe 1914-1989: war, peace, modernity" which unlike most of the other OU modules I've done over the past fifteen years is mostly based on online resources, making study difficult to do anywhere but in front of the computer.  I have previously written about why this is my last module, suffice it to say here that I am not happy although I did win a small battle to be allowed to do the module I wanted to do rather than the one dictated by their new restrictive rules. 

We are supposed to study about sixteen hours a week I think - but many of my fellow learners are unaccustomed to using ebooks or searching online databases for information and are without Kindles or other tablet like computers to at least make it possible to read this electronic stuff while waiting in the doctors or sitting on a train. The amount of printouts I have done has shot up compared to previous years (but some of the resources do NOT ALLOW you to print them out), other people are getting in a muddle about the importance of finding some obscure piece of information and bogged down by reading all the recommended "Futher Resources" ...  oh, dear.  The course Facebook page and the OU forum are full of complaints and worries about the doability of this new course.

I'm not finding it too bad, but there again it is my second degree, I've studied at Postgraduate level too and I'm a bit of a techie geek despite my age so I find digging around in e-journals and library systems fairly easy.  Plus it's a study of the 20th century - and being a local and family historian I know the outline to First World War, Interwar social changes, Second World War and so on already.  The challenge for me will be the Cold War stuff next spring ... not at the top of my reading for pleasure list I'm afraid.  It's a good job I don't go out much any more - more time for reading, but does confessing to studying at home mean that I may be fit for work?


The Outpatients' Entrance to the Northern General Hospital, Sheffield
(from Geograph © Copyright Terry Robinson and licensed for reuse under this Creative Commons Licence.)

A trip to the hospital in Sheffield last Tuesday meant that when I got home after a five and a half hour round trip involving four buses I went straight to bed until the next day.  Fortunately the OH was otherwise occupied and not expected home for his tea that evening.  It did serve to remind me why commuting to work made my illness so much worse - it's the sheer time it adds to the day and the strain of waiting for buses (or trains) which may or may not arrive on schedule to get you where you are meant to be in good time.  Not to mention the added complications of travelling in rush hour periods, thankfully not something I had to put up with last Tuesday.

Does getting to the hospital under my own steam, no matter how tired it made me afterwards, mean that I could be expected to travel regularly on buses or trains to get to work?  Despite proof that four years ago this added to my illness and was part of the reason I had to leave work?

I can't face the idea of a trip out like this for purely social purposes - it's not worth making myself ill - if the OH can't take me in the car I'm not going.  I would love to join him and our other CAMRA friends at Beer Festivals and on pub surveys, but I can't, I just can't.  However I do manage a little bit of my own style of daytime socialising at the library and the Archives ... but is declaring this going to get me into trouble with ATOS?

My interview with ATOS has been in the pipeline for months now, they've cancelled it twice and rearranged it giving me very little notice either time.  I have posted in the past about my worries concerning the whole thing.  My illness is NOT going to get better and three years in the Work Related Activity Group has NOT moved me any closer to finding the niche type of work that I could possibly do - about two hours a day, flexible, at home - oooh, rather like studying an OU module in fact!

At my ATOS interview last week the "health care professional", a nurse this time, asked me what I did at weekends.  I explained that as this was the only time I had to spend with my husband due to our unselling house problem meaning he has to live apart from me during the week, that at the weekends it was nice to spend time with him.  Something she said made me worried about what she had written so I asked her to read it back -

"client socialises with her husband at weekends"

I asked her to change that as it could quite easily have given the impression that we both spent two days out on the razzle!  She had also interpreted my family history hobby and my OU study, as -

"client can write with a pen"

Ermm - no - client can type - for a while, with a wrist rest and a laptop raiser.  I also have trouble using a standard mouse.  I explained that for the past two years I have had a letter from my doctor to allow me to type in my exams as I can't "write with a pen" for much longer than it takes to jot down a short shopping list.

I got her to change that too.

I am now overwhelmingly worried that all the other answers to her questions have been similarly misinterpreted and twisted and in the fullness of time I will be deemed fit to work - despite having hardly left the house for the past two weeks except to attend the hospital and the appointment with her.  I explained that I like to attend the Local History meetings at the library - which is about 100 yards from our house.   This was met with the comment, "Oh, it's a group ..." in a very patronising tone suggesting a circle of chairs and self flagellating confessions of some kind of misdeeds.  Grrr!  I further explained that I can't take on any kind of responsibility (such as taking minutes) at the meetings because I am so irregular in my attendance due to my health and I don't like the idea of letting the other members down.


I'm worried that drinking this glass of wine makes me fit for work
Copyright © 2012 Jim Sizemore. (from Doodlemeister.com)

Am I allowed to socialise?  Or does expending energy on hobbies and personal improvement mean that I could work in the opinion of ATOS and the DWP (Department of Work and Pensions)?  Does doddering to the Archives once, or even twice on a good week, for a couple of hours followed by a glass of wine and a cheap Wetherspoons burger with my friend once a fortnight (we are both quite poor!) mean that I could hold down a job? 

When I get the result I'll let you know - I'm not expecting much in the way of sympathy from the government - although they don't pay me anything (and haven't done so for a while now) they can still make my life worse - and I am sort of expecting that they will ...